Positioning and Differentiating Your Business - 6237 Words

The E-Myth Mastery Program Module 2: E-Myth Marketing Fundamentals Business Development Process: MK-0040 Positioning and Differentiating Your Business Positioning Strategy Worksheet The E-Myth Mastery Program Module 2: E-Myth Marketing Fundamentals Business Development Process: MK-0040 I I Target Market: Part 1 – Developing the Components of Your Positioning Strategy The first step in writing your Positioning Strategy is to select the six general components by checking the appropriate boxes in each category below. Then translate those general components into the specific elements of your Positioning Strategy by writing down how each applies to your business in your target market. I Product acceptance I†¦show more content†¦That presents you with the opportunity to position your business as friendly and filled with employees who enjoy helping customers. Or you might notice in target market â€Å"B† that honor and integrity are prized personal values and the dominant purchase preference is â€Å"performance† (they focus on reliability, dependability, and quality). This could lead you to position your business as one that â€Å"goes the extra mile to make it work right for you.† Once you learn to apply this approach, the possibilities are unlimited! Redefining Your Products With so many similar and competing products and services out there, redefining yours so that it stands out from all the rest is an important part of your Positioning Strategy. The E-Myth Mastery Program Module 2: E-Myth Marketing Fundamentals Business Development Process: MK-0040 Positioning and Differentiating Your Business Positioning Strategy Worksheet (cont’d) Key product attributes I Functionality I Sensory impact I Unconscious associations I Conscious-mind conclusions I Price/value I Access/convenience How they apply in this market segment†¦ Key psychographic characteristics How they apply in this market segment†¦ This component requires that you describe your product in terms of its key attributes as perceived by the customer. For purposes of positioning, you don’t have to create a detailed product description – just a few words toShow MoreRelatedEssay about Positioning841 Words   |  4 PagesPositioning Many people consider marketing as a means to let creative juices flow. In many ways, this can be true. But what many do not realize is that marketing needs common sense and logic to a certain extent. This applies to both internal and external marketing. Companies tend to lose focus – whether it be because it is having a difficult time dealing with high growth or because a few upper management ‘wanna-be’s’ try something bold (without thinking). This is where positioning comes intoRead MoreMetabical Positioning And Communications Strategy For a New Weight Loss Drug Harvard Business Essays and Term Papers948 Words   |  4 PagesHello Metabical Positioning And Communications Strategy For a New Weight Loss Drug Harvard Business Essays and Term Papers Search Results for metabical positioning and communications strategy for a new weight loss drug harvard business Displaying 1 - 30 of 1,500 * Metabical: Positioning And Communications Strategy For a New Weight-Loss Drug Metabical: Positioning and Communications Strategy for a new Weight-Loss Drug Q amp; A 1. Who is involved in the decision making process? WhatRead MoreSegmentation, Targeting and Positioning of Toothpaste Industry1749 Words   |  7 Pagesserviced Market positioning After choosing a market segment the organisation must decide which place its product in its customers mind compared to competitors products in the segment. To properly position a product various positioning strategies may be used. Some examples of these are: Positioning by product attributes, according to usage occasions, according to user classes, against competitors and away from competitors and positioning for different product classes (Market positioning 2007) (KotlerRead MoreSegmentation, Demographic, Psychographic And Behavioral1255 Words   |  6 Pageseffectively met by their own offering. Marketers identify consumers who are similar with regard to key traits, such as product-related needs and wants, and who would respond well to a similar marketing mix (Lascu Clow, 2010). 2. Discuss a company (not your marketing plan company) that you believe understands the concept of segmentation and the identification of a target market to focus their marketing efforts. What are some of the key indicators that they understand target market analysis? I think AppleRead MoreSegmentation, Targeting Positioning1463 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity of Zimbabwe Graduate School of Management *Marketing Ma*nagement Question: Kotler (1988) has stated that: â€Å"The heart of modern strategic marketing can be described as STP – segmenting, targeting and positioning.’’ Discuss this statement using appropriate examples. Introduction Market segmentation By definition market segmentation is the division of a market into different groups of customers with similar needs. Or to express it in another way, market segmentationRead MoreMicro and Macro environment factors1639 Words   |  7 Pagesmarketing manager of Dynamic International Ltd. I will explain what are micro and macro environment factors and how do they affect his marketing decisions as well as consumer buying behaviour. I will propose him segmentation criteria, targeting and positioning for his products. Micro environment Micro environment consists of the different types of stakeholders outside the organisation. The constituents or stakeholders of the micro environment include customers, suppliers, creditors, distributors, dealersRead MoreThe Marketing Objectives Of Qantas Airlines1404 Words   |  6 Pagesreasons. For example some pursue to provide essential services for the community benefit, whereas others for profit produce goods or services. Therefore in general terms business plays a role in overall contribution of our society. The market today is very strong and competitive. Hence marketing activities often can be a differentiating factor between industry leaders and the other market players. The purpose of this report is to examine the marketing objectives of Qantas airlines. This assignment wishesRead MorePets.Com1013 Words   |  5 Pagespotential competitor. They needed to be backed by a venture capitalist like Amazon.com who is well established with a successful business model to learn from. Advantages Receiving cash and raise more money Pets.com obtained a link on Amazon.com’s home page Amazon also offered a buddy system for Pets.com employee to seek guidance from Amazon.com’s employee for any business issue Recruit top talents Eliminated a very strong competitor Enabled Pets.com to use the experience and strategic assets ofRead MoreA Compelling App Store Description998 Words   |  4 Pagesfor the best price that fits your buying habits and desires. Now with our iPhone app, you can enjoy Comp-U-Shop’s unique shopping user experience (UX) anywhere! This new iPhone app offers shoppers easy-to-use search tools and content to help you in finding the exact product you are looking for. Comp-U-Shop has also generated endless unbiased product reviews based on the Epinions community, and is growing daily! Download Comp-U-Shop on the go and start tracking against your family budget anywhere. WithRead MoreMy Target Market For A New Self Propelled, Robotic Lawn Mower962 Words   |  4 PagesDetermining the best target market for a new self-propelled, robotic lawn mower will require proper segmentation, targeting, and positioning. The consumer market should be divided with demographic and geographic segmentation; the entrepreneur should target middle-aged and elderly homeowners in sweltering locations; and the company should apply a â€Å"more for the same† positioning strategy. Demographic and geographic segmentation should be used to view the market structure. The use of multiple segmentation

College Student with Bipolar Disorder Essay - 1462 Words

Bipolar disorder, also called a manic-depressive illness, is a common disorder which causes mood swings, lasting periods of depression, and episodes of mania. â€Å"Extreme changes in energy, activity, sleep, and behavior go along with these changes in mood† (National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2008). A person becomes more goal-oriented and has grandeur visions of success. Patient M shows all these symptoms while talking to her friends and professors in college. She describes herself as a person who is above the two standard genders, what she calls a â€Å"third sex†, and who switched souls with a senior senator from her state. The latter belief inspires her to start a political campaign and achieve a high position in the government. She†¦show more content†¦Growing up in an overprotective environment never gave her the chance to become emotionally mature and independent. In addition, her parents demands were always in first place and they were very str ict. At the age of 20, while she is in college, we can see how her childhood environment had influenced her current state. She tells her friends she is above the genders and does not need human sexuality to give birth. This can be connected to her overprotective environment, particularly when sex and dating were concerned in high school. Her parents had high demands, so she decided to become a politician. There is nothing wrong with being ambitious, but her reasons included switching souls with a senior state senator which gave her access to his thoughts and memories. Her ambition does not stop at being a politician, she also wants to single-handedly save the world from nuclear destruction. This is a prefect example of visions of grandeur success that people often see in their episodes of mania. The reason can be traced back to the over-demanding environment she grew up in. Although everybody reacts emotionally to environmental factors to a certain extent, people who have bipolar di sorder â€Å"can develop extreme moodiness in reaction to events in their environment.† (Miklowitz, 2010, p. 74). Furthermore, according to Miklowitz (2010), scientists still do not completely understand the importance environmental influences and stress, butShow MoreRelatedCollege Students Exposure to Mental Illness743 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Many American students who graduate school seeking a higher education through college and or technical school is typically idolized amongst families and peers. Unfortunately, college has become extremely expensive for those living in the middle and lower class households. Many students often apply for student loans to compensate for what scholarships and federal financial aid to do not cover, such as the expenses of tuition, books, room and boarding fee. The stress of financial aid aloneRead MoreTeachers, Counselors, And Even Parents Seem To Think That1403 Words   |  6 PagesTeachers, Counselors, and even parents seem to think that pushing students towards applying to college early is helping them out. When most teenagers already have have multiple college classes, extra-curricular activities, and activities outside of school to worry about. To top it off, they even have to worry about getting enough sleep at night and fitting relationships and friendships into their already busy schedule. Teachers, counselors, and parents never really stop to think about whether thisRead MoreEffective Instructional Practices For Students With Bipolar Disorder Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesWorking with Students Afflicted with Bipolar Disorder Despite the advances in designing instructions for students with learning disabilities, a lot of educators across the country still face significant challenges in addressing the needs of students who suffer from behavioral and emotional disorders. To add to this existing conundrum, there are a lot of students exhibiting bipolar characteristics who remain undiagnosed. Despite the existing federal mandates to better integrate disabled students with theirRead MoreThe Field Of Mental Health1739 Words   |  7 Pagespresent with a variety of diagnosis, where every patient may get a different form of treatment and medication. One can say that mental health disorders can be convoluted as the psychiatrists are faced with the arduous task of prescribing medication, via trial and error. Particularly because irregularities are found between the use of antidepressants and bipolar disorder (Bauer et al., 2013). This writer was inspired first hand while having the privilege of fulfilling an inter nship at Riverside County MentalRead MoreA Family Member Or Friend Who Suffers From Bipolar Disorder?1689 Words   |  7 Pagesor friend who suffers from Bipolar Disorder? Jessica was one of my friends from College, during college she was an outstanding student, she was always on time with assignments, no absences, and on top of the class. Everything in her room and study papers were extremely organized, but sometimes she last days with insomnia and cried without motive. Her parents’ divorce cause a terrible impact in her family, the doctors diagnosed her mom with major depression. After college, she applied for a well-paidRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Manic Depressive Disorder1740 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar disorder, previously manic depressive disorder, is a disorder that has a myriad common misconceptions surrounding it within the general public. Unless one has taken the time to research what Bipolar Disorder is/entails or is suffering from the disorder itself, knowle dge about the disorder typically comes from hearsay. Before reading Kay Redfield Jamison s novel, most of what I knew or had learned about Bipolar Disorder was from other individuals. I knew it was some form of disorder butRead MoreDanny s Diagnosis And Treatment Recommendations1476 Words   |  6 PagesDanny’s Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendations Based on the scenario, Danny is a 22-year-old college student, who has been brought into my office by his parents. His mother reports that Danny can be the real life of the party and that most people find him very charismatic, that he once tried to harm himself after a girlfriend cheating on him, that lately he has been staying up late playing video games lately and getting an average of a couple of hours of sleep and that the lack of sleep does notRead MoreMental Illness Is A Condition That Affects Millions Of Americans1289 Words   |  6 Pagesmore and more possible to live close to a normal life. It is estimated that one in five Americans experienced some form of mental health issue within the last year. The most common form of mental illness experienced in the United States is anxiety disorders (Kinsman), which affect nearly 40 million Americans. The second most common is depression, affecting approximately 19 million Americans. Anxiety and depression can often go hand-in-hand w ith each other; many of those suffering with one, will experienceRead MoreWhat Concerns Do You Have About Your Daughter?859 Words   |  4 Pagesdropping out. This isn’t like her, and I’m worried.† Dr. Fields: â€Å"Tell me more about the activities she was involved in growing up and in college. Mother: â€Å"She has always taken on a lot. She was involved in every school activity, she started writing novels, and starring in her own movies. She would stay up all night working on a project. Now she is a full time college student and has a part-time job. Some days she will call me for hours and to tell me everything she has going on. She is so passionate aboutRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Bipolar Disorder1917 Words   |  8 Pages Bipolar disorder can also be referred to as manic-depressive illness. (NIMH 1) It is a brain disorder which causes a drastic change in an individual s behavior, mood, activity levels, and their ability to complete everyday tasks. Before we talk about the aspects of the disorder, we need to understand two important definitions. One being a manic episode which is a period of abnormal and persistent elevated, irritable mood that lasts at least a week. This episode must cause noticeable difficulty

Research Proposal on Obesity Free Essays

string(45) " diets and lead to them becoming overweight\." About one in five American kids is overweight enough to be considered obese (Parr 45). Obesity being 20% or more overweight, is considered a disease because it is associated with so many health problems, like heart disease and diabetes. Being obese as a child usually leads into being obese through adulthood. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Obesity or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"One third of adults are obese, and a third of these got that way in childhood† (Parr 53). That is why it is so important to keep kids from becoming overweight and to help obese kids lose weight. The increasing number of obese parents, technology, children having no supervision after school, and the unhealthy content of school lunches are to blame for the increasing number of overweight kids in the United States. A majority of the information used in writing this paper came from obesity source books, magazine articles, and websites devoted to helping children lose weight. Decades ago children would play tag, ride bikes, and participate in other outdoor after school activities following a nutritious snack prepared for them by one of their parents. Today, most children come home to an empty house, snack on any junk they can find, and watch television or play video games until their parents get home hours later. With no supervision, who can blame them? The foods offered at schools have changed as well. Candy, chips, and soda are a favorite of most children when eating their school lunch. Vending machines are now in most cafeterias today too, making it even easier for children to snack before and after lunch. America is one of the most overweight populations in the world, and we all wonder why. The following paper examines the root causes of this public health problem, answers the question of â€Å"why†, and offers possible solutions, to this crisis. Society as a whole is more overweight than ever before, causing their poor eating and exercising habits to be passed down onto their children. Of course genetics plays a part in some cases of obesity children, but for the most part, it is really more an issue of the habits that kids pick up from their parents. If both parents are obese, their child has an 80% chance of being obese, if one parent is obese, their child has a 40% chance of being obese, and if neither parent is obese, their child has only a 5% chance of being obese† (Bray 68). Shared family behaviors such as eating and activity habits influence a childs body weight. When a child sees their mom or dad eating unhealthy foods all the time, and snacking throughout the day, that child will get used to that eating pattern and follow in the footsteps of their parents. Overweight parents also tend to cook high calorie foods and order out more than thinner parents. This is bad because not only does that child eat foods high in fat throughout their whole childhood, but they also pick up the high-fat style of cooking as well. If a parent is overweight, it might not be as huge of a priority for them to get their child into shape. Even if it is, the extent to which they can exercise with them is limited. It is a key factor when your child is overweight to get them active as well as to cut down the amount of fat in their diet. But you must carefully cut down the fat in their diet. Reducing fat is a good way to cut calories without depriving your child of nutrients. Simple ways to cut the fat in your family’s diet include eating low-fat or even better, non-fat dairy products, poultry without the skin, and lean meats, and low-fat or fat-free breads and cereals. Making small changes to your family’s diet is a good, healthy way to help your child lose weight. It is also good to involve your child in food shopping and preparing meals. This teaches children about nutrition, and gives them a feeling of accomplishment. Physical education is only part of the solution. â€Å"Just as parents reinforce good reading habits, they also should encourage their children to incorporate physical activity into their daily lives† according to Judy Young, executive director of NASPE. The national Association for Sport and Physical Education (NASPE) in Reston, Va. , recently issued guidelines recommending that children ages six to eleven exercise a minimum of thirty to sixty minutes per day. The problem with this is that in today’s lifestyle, it is the norm for both parents to have careers and work full time. This means that they’re children will come home to an empty house after school. Our society consists of households where both parents work and their children are left to fend for and feed themselves after school. According to a new Urban Institute report, â€Å"An estimated four million grade-school age children are regularly without adult supervision. â€Å" Another shocking fact is that in California, six percent of 6-9 year olds and thirty two percent of 10 – 12 year olds average five hours unsupervised each week, or with a sibling under the age of 13. Research shows that children who spend a lot of time alone are more likely to have social and academic problems (HHS Press Office). When children come home from school the first thing on their agenda is food. What does the normal everyday child reach for when mom and dad aren’t around? A nutritious snack, or the cookie jar and a bag of Doritos. Marvin Moss, Capital-Journal columnist, states that â€Å"To many of you, This may not seem like a major event, but put yourself in a kid’s shoes. â€Å" â€Å"I know when mine come home from school, the first thing they want is food. â€Å" â€Å"I call their after school eating habit pre-dinner. â€Å"If one of us parents wasn’t home when they arrived home from school, how would they be made to eat a healthy pre-diner snack? â€Å" Snacks take up most of the calories in children’s diets and lead to them becoming overweight. You read "Research Proposal on Obesity" in category "Essay examples" â€Å"Total daily intake from snacks among children has risen from an average of 450 to 600 in the last two decades† ,according to researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. While some snacks are healthy for children and give them nutrients and energy, most snacks are usually a source of high-calorie, low-nutrient foods like soda, potato chips, and cookies. After they have picked out their snack, they go for the television and sit on the couch while all of their favorite shows come on. Its either the television or the computer or multiple video games. There are so many alternative choices for kids nowadays other than physical activities. There is always a new video game or an upgraded computer toy, and not to mention all of the new shows that come out every season. Along with the hundreds of shows that kids watch after school come the numerous food commercials advertising pizza, soda, and candy making kids minds turn to food yet again. Technology has advanced so much in the last few decades coming out with many new high-tech, entertaining things for kids to play with. All of the new technology is fascinating, but is it a coincidence that America’s weight problem is expanding along side all the new technology coming out? NO. It is no coincidence. â€Å"In America, kids spend an average of 21 hours per week in front of the television, and if a child adds 5 hours to that per week, he or she is ten percent more likely to become obese† (Parr 97). Children are larger because American life has changed. More children sit in front of video monitors than on bicycles or playing sports. According to a Nielsen Media Research Report, â€Å"Aside from the time kids spend watching television ,they spend another three to four hours daily with the internet and video games† (Karas 47). According to The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the National Center for Health Statistics, in 1999 over 9 million –or 15 percent– of American children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 18 were overweight, or triple what the percentage was in 1990† (Parenting Today ). This problem is going to continue to rise over the years if our country doesn’t put more effort into stopping it. Leaving your child unattended after school and during the summer is a factor not as harmless as everyone thought. Lois Salsbury, president of Children Now, states that â€Å"While the United States has restructured its economy, analysis of the impact on working families is still in its infancy. † â€Å"Hundreds of thousands of children are spending time alone. † â€Å"Is this what we want in terms of safety and developing our children? † Our nation is developing as our parenting skills are deteriorating. We want so much to be wealthy and powerful that we neglect to realize what it is doing to our children. Parents need to realize what is happening to their children and gain control over what their kids eat and how much time they spend sitting around if this problem is going to be reversed. Another area that needs focusing on is the food available for kids to buy while at school. U. S. Surgeon General Richard Carmona, has declared childhood obesity a national epidemic (Mayer 23). The Oakland School District banned the sale of sugary drinks and candy in vending machines. The Los Angeles Unified School District, the second largest in the country, followed several weeks later (27). School lunches are not meeting up to the nutritious standards that they should. Vending machines are in almost every elementary school offering kids the opportunity to eat candy, chips, and soda at any time of the school day. The lunches offered usually have one healthy meal and the rest consist of things like pizza, cheese steaks, and mozzarella sticks. Is this what we want our kids eating all day? Legislators introduced several bills aimed at eefing up physical education requirements and fixing up school lunch programs. Gov. Gray Davis signed a bill in October that prohibits the sale of junk food in elementary schools and bans soda at middle schools (32). This needs to be done everywhere. There is no questions that school meal programs have a powerful influence on children’s future food choices. † More than half of youth in the United States eat one to three major meals in school† (Owl 27). Adequate nutrition throughout the day plays an important performance at school and enables children to make wise choices when eating. Kids who go hungry or are only allowed a hurried meal through the morning or afternoon are likely to arrive at home after school extremely hungry. This can lead to overeating particularly high-fat, easy to prepare snack foods. This pattern of behavior is difficult to change and can lead to obesity. â€Å"Providing healthy meals at a pleasant environment at school is an important part of obesity preventionâ€Å" (29). Many school lunch programs offer fast food as an alternative. Limit your childs participation in unhealthy school lunch programs. Parents should ban together and speak with their school boards about improving school lunch programs. School districts should remove the vending machines from their schools and make the lunches offered healthier. So much money is spent every year on obesity programs for children and all that money could be saved if schools would just do their part in solving the problem. â€Å"There is no more compelling reminder of the health implications than the $127 million spent each year in hospital costs related to childhood obesityâ€Å", according to the Centers for Disease control and Prevention. Some things are being done to start solving the problem but not enough. If everyone works together this battle can be overcome. The increasing number of obese parents, technology, unsupervised children after school, and unhealthy school lunches are to blame for the increasing number of overweight kids in the United States. These factors can all be helped and prevented. This problem must be fixed before it gets worse. Our nation must united and work together for the sake and well being of our children. 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Dementia Article Critique for National Government- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theDementia Article Critique for National Government. Answer: Introduction To address the needs of aging and aged population in Australia, its national government established various measures including the CALD ( Culturally and linquistically diverse) strategy (Collins, 2013). The dementia article explains some of the most suitable recommendations concerning how the wellbeing of people with special needs can be enhanced, and various things that stakeholders can do to ensure people of diverse cultures and languages feel accommodated in the society. What the Author does/do talk about The Authors talks about various goals including the support Goal 6, which have been established to enhance the wellbeing of the People from backgrounds that are diverse in terms of culture and languages. According to Wolfgang (2012), the primary purpose of this goal to enhance research and data collection techniques in order to ensure the strategies that have been established to address the needs of these people attains positive results. The author considers the importance of research in enabling the government and other agencies concerning with this program to attain proper knowledge that can assist them to understand what they can do to ensure this group of people lives better lives. The author also talks about developing different recommendations that can be used in evaluating the measures adopted from the goals set, sector standards or during a stakeholder workshop. The author ascertain that out of the 15 aged care datasets analyzed, 10 of them used their native language in most of the aspects rather than English. However, lack of standardization to the ABS data collection technique hindered proper comparison of data within and across the data sets. The author helps the reader to understand that defining and addressing the needs of CALD groups can be challenging especially when considering the significant heterogeneity of the CALD group. He also explains how the CALD population intersects with other special need groups especially those with, disabilities, dementia and the LGBTI community. Aim/s of the article The article aims mainly to support the strategies that have been established to support the aging and aged people from CALD backgrounds. For instance, it targets enhancing the effectiveness of these strategies through providing mechanisms that can be used to ensure proper data collection mechanisms are used for better research findings. According to Louisa (2012), information plays a crucial role to people with special needs because it makes them to understand various strategies that have been taken to enhance their wellbeing. The article aims at improving knowledge and confidence among the aging and aged people from CALD backgrounds, as well as enabling their families and friends to understand some of the things that they can do to enable these group of people to live better. The author seeks to enable these people to make proper decisions concerned the aged care. He suggests that the government, to increase, deliver, and encourage appropriate bilingual information, as well as education in the entire communication framework in order to increase awareness regarding aged care and support services. Moreover, the article aims at ensuring the aged people from CALD backgrounds are capable to appropriate aging and aged care services. This, therefore, means that various measures must be implemented to ensure the Aged Care Gateway delivers services that meets the needs of people with diverse cultural and linguistic characteristics (Wolfgang, 2012). This can be attained through provision of good language services and different communication mediums and also by acknowledging all guidelines established by the department. The other aim of this article is monitoring and evaluating the provision of aging and aged care services to ensure they are of high quality and can address the needs of aging and aged people especially those from CALD backgrounds. According to the author, this can be achieved by defining the concrete steps undertaken to develop a Single Quality Framework. According to the article, Aged care providers can demonstrate tangible outcomes for CALD consumers and measures of evidence of culturally inclusive care. The intended audience Martin (2010) define intended audiences as the individual, or a group of people for which service, product, or information is designed. In this article, the Authors intended audience are people from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds, and also their families and friends because they play key roles to ensure the needs of these people are addressed. It also targets all institutions which should play a role in attaining the objectives set by the National Ageing and Aged Care Strategy. Additionally, the article targets to inform all stakeholders who should be involved in building the evidence base for aged care policy and practice. The article also intends to inform the aged and caregivers concerning different actions that have been taken to implement the principles and goals of the CALD Strategy (Hughes Heycox, 2010). The author considers stakeholders perspectives on the success of the CALD Strategy as well as opportunities for improvement so that the audience can understand the possibilities of success, and the potential actions that can be implemented for positive results. Who commissioned the article and for what reason According to Palan (2012), the person who commission an article is the one who order or authorize various processes involved in its production such as printing and distribution to the intended audience. The article was commissioned by Merryl Uebel-Yan from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), with assistance of Gen Whitlam. According to Alliaon (2013), care for the aged is an essential factor in the community. Therefore, Merryl Uebel-Yan commissioned this article to encourage the Governments obligation of improving aged care for CALD communities. This commissioners also wanted to increase awareness within the sector that the CALD Strategy fostered because the stakeholders were generally compassionate of the principles and goals of the CALD Strategy which is considered to have supported the aged care segment in addressing the needs of aging and aged people from CALD backgrounds. Merryl Uebel-Yan and his counterpart also commissioned this article to show that CALD measures can be used to identify and address the issues that arise due to cultural and linguistic diversity. They also authorized this article to enable the stakeholders in realizing that the needs of the aging and aged, especially those from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds can be identified and addressed if all stakeholders work together. According to Heather (2013), identifying the needs or issues that affect a particular group of people is fundamental because it helps in determining some of the critical factors that can be implemented to enhance their wellbeing. Another reason for commissioning this article was to provide information that could assist CALD sector to deliver proper aging and aged care services. Anthea (2013) affirms that authorizing the existence of this article led to an acknowledgment of different support programs established to improve the CALD sectors ability to offer better aging and aged care services. Critique of the document This article helps one to have a clear understanding concerning the needs associated with the aged populations and the reasons that should make other people to provide care for these individuals. The author helps the reader to understand that the number of the aged population continues to grow and there is a need for both the government and individuals to provide proper care for these people. It also highlights some of the things that can assist people with special needs. The author also helps one to understand that aging and aged people from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds have various needs that requires proper intervention measures to be implemented in order to enable them live better lives. (Rosenzweig, 2012). One of the major weaknesses associated with this article is that it does not provide comprehensive information concerning the exact measures that would generate reliable data for service improvement. Conclusion Merryl Uebel-Yan and Gen Whitlam commissioned this article with the aim of highlighting the needs of people from diverse cultural and linguistic background. The Author presents findings from a review datasets and assessment instruments in order to be able to categorize the wide range of CALD. He does precise and constant identification of the people who are at the risk of dementia, and also identifies some of the key stakeholders who can play a role in enhancing the wellbeing of these people. References Alliaon, K. S. (2013). Facing Dementia: Integrating Palliation into All Aspects of Care. Creative Nursing, 19(1), 98-113. Anthea, I. (2013). Working towards Dementia Friendly Societies. Perspectives in Public Health, 133(3), 35-56. Collins, C. F. (2013). African American Women's Life Issues Today: Vital Health and Social Matters. Anta Barbara, CA: Praeger. Heather , H. (2013). Dementia. Perspectives in Public Health, 133(3), 23-45. Hughes, M Heycox, K. (2010). Older People, Ageing and Social Work: Knowledge for Practice. Crows Nest, N.S.W : Allen Unwin. Louisa, W. (2012). Dementia: An International Crisis? Perspectives in Public Health, 132(4), 87-100. Martin, H. (2010). The Dementia Care Building Crisis. Perspectives in Public Health, 130(3), 547-561. Palan, R. K. (2012). Transitions in Dementia Care: Theoretical Support for Nursing Roles. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 17(2), 245-272. Rosenzweig , A. S. (2012). The Harsh Realities of Alzheimer's Care: An Insider's View of How People with Dementia Are Treated in Institutions. Santa Barbara: Praeger. Wolfgang , T. J. (2012). Dementia Care and General Physicians - a Survey on Prevalence, Means, Attitudes and Recommendations. Central European Journal of Public Health, 20(4), 52-69.

Brown vs. Board of Education

Introduction The 20th century saw the American education system faced with the issue of segregation, resulting in many students being denied the chance to attend schools of their choice on the basis of their race. During this time, schools adopted structured curricula that were not student-centered.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Brown vs. Board of Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With time, however, the American education system underwent a major transformation process. Today, the American educational curricula are not only student-centered, but also inclusive. In addition, different policies have also been passed in support of an inclusive education system. The passing of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) 2001 is also part of the educational reforms that were envisaged in the American education system. The policy was part of educational initiatives aimed at promoting education in the Unite d States. The campaign has given all students equal educational opportunities regardless of their socio-cultural, economic, or racial backgrounds. However, high cost of education and income discrepancies among the Americans of diverse socio-economic backgrounds have been the major setbacks in ensuring that education for all is realized. The current research paper examines the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas case as a major turning point for the education system in the U.S. The objective of the research paper is to develop a vision of education for the future based on past educational theories, trends and practices. The premise of the study is that school and educational systems have been undergoing progressive transformation. Analysis and discussion The decision made by the Supreme Court as regard the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas case is of importance to the American educational system. In addition, it also challenged the Plessy v. Ferguson, bringing t o end segregation in the school system (Miller, 2004). Previously, separate schools were set for Whites and Blacks (Cozzens, 1998). To encourage equality in school facilities (libraries and offices) and equal pay, civil rights activists and other human rights groups in America fought endlessly for change. In other words, the struggle for education for all started a long time ago and was part of civil rights movement in the U.S. In the case Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas, the Supreme Court ruled that segregation in public schools posed a detrimental effect on colored students (Miller, 2004). In addition, Black students were denied an equal chance to benefit from the same educational system as their White counterparts. Consequently, Black students developed an inferiority complex, thereby affecting their learning capabilities (Cozzen, 1998).Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Le arn More The ruling further stated that segregation in schools had the capacity to retard the mental and educational development of Black students (Miller, 2004). This is because it was thought to deprive the students some of major benefits enjoyed in racially integrated schools. As such, there was need to implement an integrated school system. Following this ruling, students from minority races could now be admitted to public schools hitherto regarded as a preserve for the Whites. Many people credited and applauded the ruling of the Supreme Court on the Brown case for the change it brought to the education system. Others saw the decision as a turning point for the schools admission system (Miller, 2004). For instance, minority students who had been denied places on White public schools could easily get admitted. In addition, the Supreme Court ruling made the Plessy v. Ferguson interpretation and ruling invalid. The case allowed for the protection of Minorities as required in the Fourteenth Amendment on Equal Protection Clause. This meant that Black students could be admitted in schools which were previously the preserve of White students. The ruling by the Supreme Court on this case was a major milestone in the U.S. education systems as schools became disintegrated allowing students of mixed races to attend same learning institutions. However, despite the recommendation to integrate minority students with white students, there still lacked a framework which specified an implementation plan for the proposed changes (Cozzens, 1998). However, this was a historical step towards full disintegration of public schools (Cozzens, 1998). Drawing from the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas case, it is important to note that full disintegration of public schools was a progressive act in the education system. According to Kremer (2005), progressive education was initiated in the 20th century as part of educational reforms in public schools. Furthermore, it wa s a philosophy that focused on how students should be taught in schools. It was â€Å"a response to the traditional way of teaching kids, which was very structured, dry, and authoritarian† (Kremer, 2004, p.32-33). As a result, progressive education focused on the adoption of humanistic values and democratic behaviors, as opposed to the traditional authoritative strategy. Progressivism as an educational theory is based on the premise that schools should be child centered. The progressive model of education has been described as â€Å"new education† which advocates for the combination of education and actual experience (Kumar, 2004). The underlying philosophy in progressive model of education has been to change how schools teach students.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Brown vs. Board of Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The education system has undergone tremendous transformation through the adoption of the progressivism philosophy as progressive educators have helped students reach conscientization. According to Kumar (2004), conscientization involves the breaking of prevailing mythologies in education to create new degrees of awareness, especially awareness of oppression. In other words, the progressive model focuses on continuity in the education system. Just like in the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas case ruling, progressivism called for constant change in school system rather than being static. Currently, the education system has adopted the K-12 education system in public schools which encourages compulsory education for all. Moreover, there is an emerging trend in the schools system in regard to how students learn and how schools teach (Wilen-Daugenti McKee, 2008). For example, compared to the 20th century, the current education process has now evolved into collaborative learning. Different stakeholders have come on board to transform the education system through research and students placements. The emerging trends are a sign that segregation in school system has continued to decline even as the number of minorities continues to increase (Stevenson, 2010). The U.S education system requires visionary leaders who can implement policies which allow for continuity in the system. My vision of the purpose and structure of schools in the future entails embracing a progressive model which is student-centered. In other words, schools should adopt a curriculum which embraces both education and actual experience. Although the current K-12 education system faces some challenges, the incorporation of NCLB has led to improvement in the education system. Nonetheless, a visionary curriculum which embraces the global changes to make our students excel academically, gain the necessary skills and knowledge which would make them competitive at international markets is necessary. The future structure of schools has to adopt curricul a and policies that allow for change, fosters the need for collaboration in different sectors, and integrates different learning styles and approaches. As advocated for by the progressive model of education, the structure should be accommodating to all students, including those who are physically challenged. In other words, education systems have to be more accommodative and progressive in order to give room for new changes and ideas. They should not rely on structured and authoritarian curriculum.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion The education and schools systems continue to undergo transformation. The decision of the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas case was a major turning point in the schools systems as it encouraged disintegration of public schools. In addition, a progressive model of education has played a major role in schools and education system as it allows child centered form of education. As part of transformation in education, progressivism philosophy focuses on education and experience. The model tries to do away with traditional ways of teaching and instead adopt new trend in the education system. Such new trends in the education system have shown progressivism philosophy and what the plaintiffs fought for in the Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas case. School systems have changed and minority students are no longer denied the chance to join public schools. My vision of the education purpose and structure of schools in the future should be based on the progres sive model and education offered should be continuous and not static. Reference List Cozzens, L. (1998). Brown v. Board of Education. Web. Kremer, R. (2005). Progressive education: One parents journey. Education/Ideology, 6(1), 32-42. Kumar, A. (2004). Philosophical trends, theories of educational intervention and adult learning. Web. Miller, J. (2004).  Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka: Challenging school segregation in the Supreme Court. New York, NY: PowerKids Press. Stevenson, K. R. (2010). Educational trends shaping school planning, design, construction, funding and operations. Washington, D.C.: National Institute of Building Sciences. Wilen-Daugenti, T., McKee, A. G. R. (2008). 21st century trends for higher education: Top trends, 2008–2009. California: Cisco Internet Business Solutions Group. This research paper on Brown vs. Board of Education was written and submitted by user Dav1s to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Romantic Shakespeare Quotes

Romantic Shakespeare Quotes William Shakespeare was considered a true romantic. He portrayed love as a heady mix of passion, aggression, despair, and determination. There are amorous love scenes in many of his plays. If you are a romantic, too, you will appreciate the intensity of these Shakespeare quotes. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene II I am too bold, tis not to me she speaks:Two of the fairest stars in all the heaven,Having some business, do entreat her eyesTo twinkle in their spheres till they return.What if her eyes were there, they in her head?The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars,As daylight doth a lamp; her eyes in heavenWould through the airy region stream so brightThat birds would sing and think it were not night.See, how she leans her cheek upon her hand!O, that I were a glove upon that hand,That I might touch that cheek! Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene II Then plainly know my hearts dear love is setOn the fair daughter of rich Capulet:As mine on hers, so hers is set on mine;And all combined, save what thou must combineBy holy marriage: when and where and howWe met, we wood and made exchange of vow,Ill tell thee as we pass; but this I pray,That thou consent to marry us to-day. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene 3 I pray thee, chide not; she whom I love nowDoth grace for grace and love for love allow;The other did not so. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene 3 O, she knew wellThy love did read by rote, that could not spell.But come, young waverer, come go with me,In one respect Ill thy assistant be;For this alliance may so happy prove,To turn your households rancour to pure love. The Two Gentlemen of Verona, Act I, Sc. III O, how this spring of love resemblethThe uncertain glory of an April day! Twelfth Night, Act III, Sc. I Love sought is good, but given unsought is better. Twelfth Night, Act II, Sc. III Journeys end in lovers meeting,Every wise mans son doth know. Twelfth Night, Act I, Scene 1 O spirit of love, how quick and fresh art thou!That, notwithstanding thy capacityReceiveth as the sea, nought enters there,Of what validity and pitch soever,But falls into abatement and low priceEven in a minute! so full of shapes is fancy,That it alone is high-fantastical. As You  Like It No sooner met but they looked; No sooner looked but they loved;No sooner loved but they sighed;No sooner signed but they asked one another the reason;No sooner knew the reason but they sought the remedy;And in these degrees have they made a pair of stairs to marriage... Much Ado about Nothing, Act IV, Sc. I I never tempted her with word too large,But, as a brother to his sister, showdBashful sincerity and comely love. Othello, Act II, Sc. III Cassio, I love thee;But never more be officer of mine. Othello, Act III, Sc. III But, O, what damned minutes tells he oerWho dotes, yet doubts, suspects, yet strongly loves! Othello, Act III, Sc. III Excellent wretch! Perdition catch my soul,But I do love thee! and when I love thee not,Chaos is come again. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Sc. II Good night, good night! parting is such sweet sorrow,That I shall say good night till it be morrow. Romeo and Juliet, Act II, Scene II My bounty is as boundless as the sea, my love as deep; the more I give to thee, the more I have, for both are infinite. Romeo and Juliet, Act I, Sc. V My only love sprung from my only hate!Too early seen unknown, and known too late! A Midsummer Nights Dream, Act I, Sc. I Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind; And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind. Antony and Cleopatra, Act I, Sc. I Theres beggary in the love that can be reckond. As You Like It, Act II, Sc. V Under the greenwood treeWho loves to lie with me. As You Like It, Act IV, Sc. I Men have died from time to time, and worms have eaten them, but not for love. As You Like It, Act V, Sc. II No sooner met but they looked; no sooner looked but they loved; no sooner loved but they sighed; no sooner sighed but they asked one another the reason; no sooner knew the reason but they sought the remedy. Hamlet, Act II, Sc. I This is the very ecstasy of love. Hamlet, Act II, Sc. II Doubt thou the stars are fire;Doubt that the sun doth move;Doubt truth to be a liar;But never doubt I love. Julius Caesar, Act III, Sc. I Though last, not least in love. A Midsummer Nights Dream, Act I, Sc. I Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind; And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind. Antony and Cleopatra, Act I, Sc. I Theres beggary in the love that can be reckond. As You Like It, Act II, Sc. V Under the greenwood treeWho loves to lie with me. As You Like It, Act IV, Sc. I Men have died from time to time, and worms have eaten them, but not for love. As You Like It, Act V, Sc. II No sooner met but they looked; no sooner looked but they loved; no sooner loved but they sighed; no sooner sighed but they asked one another the reason; no sooner knew the reason but they sought the remedy. Hamlet, Act II, Sc. I This is the very ecstasy of love. Hamlet, Act II, Sc. II Doubt thou the stars are fire; Doubt that the sun doth move;Doubt truth to be a liar;But never doubt I love. Julius Caesar, Act III, Sc. I Though last, not least in love.

Views on Just War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Views on Just War - Essay Example There were a variety of reasons as to why war can occur, and this may involve personal or judicial reasons. The reasons as to coming up with war need further justification as to its reasons, and goals. The majority root for all the debates is that these reasons must coincide and fit with the nature of war. However, one seemingly ideal question that needs focus is the existence of just war itself. The World War 2 is a definite example to examine and justify the existence of just war. World War 2 The World War 2 began on September 1, 1939, and it lasted for six years. This war was known to be one of the most dreadful wars the world has ever known. The war sparked when Germany took hold of Poland without permission. This then motivated Britain and France to join the war and fight against Germany. Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and South Africa later joined the war within a week from the start of war (World War 2.net, n.d.). The causes of World War 2 in summary started when Germany took over Poland. However, there were underlying reasons before it came to the point where Germany invaded Poland. The known underlying causes of World War 2 were â€Å"Treaty of Versailles, Hitler’s Actions, Failure of Appeasement, and Failure of the League of Nations† (History On the Net.com, 2011). The â€Å"Treaty of Versailles was about the deals that were discussed as to how Germany should be held liable for World War 1† peace (History On the Net.com, 2011). The deals were not served as fair and just for the Germans, and they had Adolf Hitler to fight for their rights. â€Å"Adolf Hitler’s actions† particularly invading countries and not keeping his word with regard to peace and integrity made its way to becoming one of the complex reasons of war. The â€Å"failure of appeasement† was about deals that failed to provide the demands of Germans considering that Adolf Hitler’s actions were acceptable. â€Å"Failure of the Leagues of Na tions† was about the failure of the League, and the member countries to enhance world peace (History On the Net.com, 2011). These then were the basis as to how World War 2 was born, and a few of the many justifications that World War 2 was in fact, a just war due to the policies and logical reasons involved. Laws on War: Jus ad Bellum The laws on war are primarily focused on justifying the validity of war or the existence of a just war. â€Å"Jus ad bellum† is a title that provides and considers the legitimacy of a war or how far would a war be considered just. This originated from the â€Å"Charter of the United Nations† under article 2. This article states the involvement of states that use force to gain control and personal interest (Nabulsi, n.d.). The 6 Categories of Just War under Jus ad bellum The justification on the legitimacy of just war should fit on the 6 categories of the jus ad bellum to be able to declare a war that is just or acceptable. Below are the categories and there association to World War 2 justification, and existence of just war. A war must have a valid cause. One of the many examples would be â€Å"defence of others from aggressive attack† (Lacewing, n.d.). The World War 2 was highlighted primarily because of the defense of other countries to Poland when Germany took over them. This was unannounced, and several innocent lives were sacrificed. A war must have the â€Å"

Business Ethics and SRI Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Ethics and SRI - Literature review Example This emerging phenomenon is known as Socially Responsible Investment (Hicks,2003; Schueth, 2003) Socially Responsible Investment (SRI), also known as ethical investment, is an investment discipline that in addition to the risk and returns issues in investment, takes into account social or environmental issues. The difference between SRI and conventional investment is the employment of specific investment strategies. The purpose of such strategies is to select or exclude certain assets from investment portfolio. (Renneboog et al., 2008,p. 1723). It simply means that conventional investment strategies are considered natural—having financial return on investment at the core. However, SRI strategies are either socially sensitive or socially dictating(Hicks,2003; Schueth, 2003) SRI has three major distinctive techniques, which may overlap or follow one another. These are screening, activism, and cause-based investment( Spark and Cowton,2004; Vivers, 2007) . Further, SRI may be carr ied out at individual as well as institutional level. Individuals normally develop mutual funds whereas institutions execute it through charitable foundations and pension funds. Since its modern emergence, SRI, its strategies, its terminology and its definition have been under strong debates ( Spark and Cowton,2004; Schueth, 2003 Hicks,2003). ... At the end of this review , I shall present the growing importance of SRI at international level. 2. Definition and basic terminology 2.1. Business Ethics In current literature of business ethics, there are two major streams. One expects that business shall not be immoral enterprise and the second that consider the morality and self-interest at certain point sometime are opposite. ( Hicks,2003). The first group assume that business is amoral whereas second argue that if it is amoral it is immoral ( Hicks,2003).In current stream of business ethics literature second group is becoming dominant and either calls for the practice of personal values or even urges the investors to play an active role for the implementation of those values into the businesses.( Hicks,2003; Schueth, 2003, Vivers, 2007). 2.2. SRI and Other Terms There are various terms representing the concepts of business ethics. For instance, "Socially Responsible Investing" , "social investing," "socially aware investing," " ethical investing," "mission-based investing," and "double-bottom line investing.". These terms has been used interchangeably in literature (Pan and Mardfin ,2001; Schueth, 2003;Spark and Cowton,2004). However the two most common terms are â€Å"ethical investing† and â€Å"Socially Responsible Investment† (Spark and Cowton,2004, p 46). Term â€Å"ethical investment† is relatively older one and it reflects the fact that the movement was initially religiously motivated and churches played a vital role in the development of earliest ethical funds in UK, USA and Australia(Schueth, 2003; Spark and Cowton,2004). Later on, the term has gradually been replaced by Socially Responsible Investment (SRI). Many people have reservation on the use of

Dolphin Natural Gas Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Dolphin Natural Gas Project - Research Paper Example However, as the paper will highlight, the entry of foreign based companies such as the French’s Total and other has created new dynamics in the multi-million dollar project. This paper will provide a background check on the circumstances which led to the formation of the project and the politics involved between Qatar and the UAE. Discussions on the effects of these relations will be the focus of this research activity. The central idea of this study is to look at these dynamics and the effect which the project has created on its partners and other stakeholders. Introduction Background The idea behind Dolphin Natural Gas Project was initially started in 1999 with the sole intention of supplying natural gas to the three states of the Middle East. The project which was to be fully completed in July 2007 cost an estimated 7 billion dollars gross and an estimated $3 billion in the offshore pipeline. The gas pipeline which is approximately 364 kilometers joins the three nations via sea and land. The onshore processing plant is at the Ras Laffan processing plant which is located in Qatar. Opened in 2006, it is the largest of its kind in the world and creates more gas than entire countries in the continent per day. The processed gas is piped to Taweelah receivers in the United Arab Emirates which are joined by the 182 km long Al Ain – Fujairah gas pipeline in the country. It is estimated that the gas project delivers a staggering equivalent of 330,000 barrels of oil per day (www.dolphinenergy.com). With this kind of money, political and economic interest comes into play from stakeholders from within and without. The entire region keenly monitored the gas project from its inception to the current state of political and social impacts. Significance and objectives of the study This research paper will look at five major dynamics that surround the operations and functionality of the project. This includes identifying all the stakeholders involved in the proj ect, the political interests of Qatar and the other partners in the gas project and the merits or demerits of this action. Additionally, this study will focus on the participation of private stakeholders such as Total limited, Qatar petroleum and ADNOC and the impacts thereafter. Lastly, there will be justifications of the intense interests that the foreign players are slowly developing to be involved in the project. Literature Review Various journals and media publications have highlighted the project and the implications that it attracts for the region. Because of the direct impact the pipeline has on the three nations and the Middle East’s economy at large, the Dolphin natural Gas project has been analyzed and counter analyzed by both local and foreign media fraternities. First, the ease of doing in Qatar as a business destination has become critical in attracting foreign investors as Clyde and company (2010) elaborate. Dolphin gas project is one of the largest inland-offs hore projects in world history. This is an indication that dynamics being involved in the project such as business interests, political involvements and social implications are a center stage in its existence. This report utilizes a government report concerning the project and the data involved. Additionally the perspective of Dunning’s paradigm of ownership, location and internalization highlights the importance of a

The Impact Of Events On Host Areas Tourism Essay

The Impact Of Events On Host Areas Tourism Essay Introduction Within the growth directions of the tourism industry, which currently represents the fourth largest industry in the world in terms of export, events act as catalysts for attracting visitors and image-makers, creating destination profiles, positioning destinations in the market, and providing competitive advantages (Bowdin et al. 2006). Their significance prompted a new subject type known as event tourism, described by Getz (1997) as: 1) the systematic planning, development, and marketing of events as tourist attractions, as catalysts for other developments such as infrastructure and economic growth, as image builders, and as animators of built attraction and destination areas; event-tourism strategies should also cover the management of news and negative events; 2) A market segment consisting of those individuals who travel to attend events or who can be motivated to attend events while away from home. The term event tourism was coined in the 1980s, and it formalized the link between events and tourism (Getz, 1997). According to Getz (1997), it is not possible to establish a universal, standardized definition of events. Indeed, one of the most frequently quoted definitions of events, offered by Ritchie (1984), explicitly emphasizes this role by describing them as major one ­time or recurring events of limited duration, developed primarily to enhance the awareness, appeal and profitability of a tourism destination in the short or long term. This definition is taken as embracing the other subcategories of events, including community festivals and mega-events, as Goldblatt (2002) defined events as a planned culture, sport and political and business occasion: from mega-events like Olympics and world fairs to community festivals; from programs of events at parks and attractions to visits by dignitaries and intergovernmental assembles; from small meetings and parties to huge conventions and competitions. It is widely agreed that events have a meaningful potential to be partly responsible for positive improvement of the society that host them. As a result, events have become one of the popular methods used to attract visitors to the region. Events are widely recognized to generate numerous impacts on the host communities and other stakeholders (Grosbois, 2009). Ritchie Smith (1991) say that a centre or region that hosts a world mega-event and attracts global attention is affected both positively and negatively in many aspects. Depending on the way the process is conducted, these changes might have a lasting positive and structuring effect on the city. Event tourism impacts the economy and the lives of many societies, that has proven to be a lifesaver for many destinations (Gawler visitor Information Centre, 2005). According to Bowdin (2006) all events have a direct impact on their participants. Negative impacts on communities must be minimised and measured against the benefits that tourism brings. The impacts of an event can be summarised in terms of a range of dimensions identified by Ritchie (1984). These are: economic; tourism and commercial; physical; sociocultural, psychological; and political. Social impacts can be characterized as any effects that potentially affect the quality of life for local people. Thus, economic outcomes of events, political issues and environmental effects are included because perceptions of such impacts are likely to contribute to residents overall reactions to an event (Fredline et al, 2003). This is one of the reason why is complicated to separate all these mentioned impacts separately. This assignment fill focus on events possible impacts on the economy and communities of host areas. Types of Events In the field of tourism, the term event is used to describe the different categories of events, many of which may have noticeably individual aspects. It includes events from the Olympic Games as the mega-event to small events, such as regional festivals (Fredline et al, 2003). The classification of events is generally of a limited time frame and diverse in nature. According to Bowdin (2006) in the events industry today the type of events can be classified according to their size and scale, and are usually done in the following way: Mega Events, Hallmark Events, Major Events, Cultural Events, and Business Events. However, events can also be classified according to their purpose and the motivation behind either holding or attending the event, not to the particular sector to which they belong. Mega events broadly fit into two categories: sporting and cultural (Mintel, 2010). In essence, Bowdin et al. (2006) believe that mega events are those events that affect whole economies and have repercussions in global media attention. These events are mainly developed in competitive spheres and include events such as the Olympic Games, FIFA and UEFA Football Championships, and World Athletics. Hallmark events, according to Bowdin et al. (2006), refer to events that become so closely identified with the place that they become strongly linked. Among classic examples of hallmark events are the Carnival in Rio, the Tour de France, the Edinburgh International Festival, the Jazz Festival of Juan les Pins in Antibes, and the International Motorcycle Rally in Faro. Such events are culturally unique and distinctive, with resident communities contributing to the tourism revenue, creating a sense of local pride and international interest. With time, these events become inseparable from the des tination. For instance, it is difficult to imagine the Rio de Janeiro Mardi Gras occurring in a city other than Rio de Janeiro. The growth of mega sports event might be ascribed for three most important reasons: first, modern technologies of mass communication that helps to reach all world population; secondly, sport media business alliance creation, which changed professional sport in the late 20thcompletely; and thirdly, these mega events offer a variety of benefits to cities, regions and countries, where they are hosted (Horne and Manzenreiter, 2006). Importance of the Events for destinations According to Jago et al (2003) events have become an increasingly important part of many destination branding. Event tourism can be used as a tool for raising awareness (North American and international awareness of Calgary was dramatically increased as a result of the Olympic Games coverage. Top-of-mind awareness increased from about 19% to over 43% in the U.S. In Europe, it rose from 10% to 40%) (See Appendix 1: Example 1). Local product branding helps to develop regional identity together nationally and internationally (Gawler visitor Information Centre, 2005). France and Roche (1998) stated that creation of mega-events today is regarded as an opportunity to regenerate cities. A good example of this was the 1992 Olympic Games held in Barcelona, where the public works to prepare for the event revitalized the city and repositioned it as a tourist attraction in Spain (Moragas Botella, 1995). Barcelona Olympics changed the image of the cities and the Spanish tourism, which has traditionally been associated only with sun and sea holidays (Robertson and Guerrier, 1998). Events can enhance the status of smaller states, as in the Seoul Summer Olympic Games, as well as non-capital cities such as the Barcelona and Los Angeles Olympics, the Adelaide Grand Prix, the Calgary Winter Olympic Games or the Victoria, British Columbia, Commonwealth Games (Bull Lovell, 2007). Large hallmark events are one way that cities can create an image internationally and attract internal investment with the aim of promoting long-term growth. Mega sporting events can help improve the image of the host country that is many cases could be a great benefit. Florek (2007) reviews the development of Germanys image according to the research conducted among a consistent group of New Zealand football fans before, during and after their visit in the 2006 FIFA World Cup. Findings suggested that the greatest impact on the image was created by so-called soft factors such as safety, peaceful locals, and multi-cultural environment. According to Matheson (2006) significant intangible benefits of mega-events is national and international acknowledgment. Supporters of the sport might enjoy their visit to the city and return later increasing tourism revenue in the future. Corporate visitors may move the production facilities and company center of operations to the city. Television viewers may decide to take a trip to the host city in the future based on what they see on a mega-event duration. Finally, hosting an important event can help to raise the awareness of the city that it becomes a major league or world class city and travel destination (Matheson, 2006). Fredline et al (2003) noticed that if event went unsuccessful poor opinion and attitude might emerge, which would damage the reputation of destination (see Appendix 1: Example 2). Malfas et al (2004) confirms that by adding that the role of the media is essential to create awareness about the host city or region (see Appendix 1: Example 3). Studies showed that, for example, a television production of the English cricket tour to the West Indies increased package tourism of the islands as much as 60%. In addition, Calgarys image before and after the 1988 Winter Olympic Games improved, as it became clear that the Games had a huge impact on the awareness and knowledge of the city of Calgary in Europe and the United States compared to other Canadian places (Malfas et al, 2004). More and more often cities are using cultural events to enhance their image, promote urban development and attract visitors and investment (Richards and Wilson, 2004). This phenomenon may be related to a general increase in competition between cities for getting of valuable stakeholders, including consumers, investors and politicians. Cities, as a result, need to find new ways of differentiate themselves from their competitors. For example, signature buildings often have a function of the citys strategy to create the image or brand and create a competitive advantage. Recent examples include the Guggenheim museum in Bilbao, the Tate Modern gallery in London (Richards and Wilson, 2004) and the Baltic Flour Mills in Gateshead. The cost of building such notable sight is probably one of the main reasons why the events are becoming an increasingly important aspect of long-distance competition in recent years (Richards and Wilson, 2004). Events are often cheaper way of separate and acknowle dge locations and often creates a lot of media interest. Yeoman (2004) confirms that events can lengthen tourist seasons, extend peak season or introduce a new season into the life of a community. According to Boo and Busser (2006) developing new festivals is considered as a new strategy to lengthen the life cycle of destinations. For example, Glasgow festival Celtic connections of music, arts, dance, which happens in January, shows a great way of extending tourism season. Impacts of Events Economic impacts of Events Much emphasis is often placed on the economic impact partly due to the fact that the organizers of the event and government must meet budget targets and to justify the cost, and partly because these impacts are easiest to assess (Pasanen et al, 2009). According to Jago and Dwyer (2006), the economic impact of an event on a region is the net sum of the economic consequences of all of the cash inflows and outflows that occur because of an event. Substantial contribution to the economic impact assessment is a cost that occurs after an event. The fraction of the cost, which represents new money into the area, i.e. money that is not yet in the region, is particularly important (Pasanen et al, 2009) and often gives new opportunities and advantages for communities living there, as well. Variuos methods can be used to assess the economic impacts of events (see Appendix 1: example 4). According to Florek (2007) economic benefits are often used to justify hosting mega sporting event. However, economic benefits might be complicated to predict and therefore a bit dangerous justification. For example, in 2006 FIFA World Cup, Germanys organising committee earned à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬140 million from the tournament, which is more than expected, but tourists only spent about à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬50 million in Germany, half of what was expected. In addition, most of it was for food and drinks with no important impact on retail (Florek, 2007). Mules and Faulkner (1996) point out that even such as mega-events as F1 Grand Prix races and the Olympics, has not always clear economic benefit for the cities that host the event (see Appendix 1: example 5). They point out that, in general, staging major sports events often results in the loss of money for the city government even though the city itself can benefit greatly in terms of extra incomes in the city. Matheson (2006) gave example when during the 2002 World Cup in South Korea, the number visitors from Europe to the area was higher than usual, but this increase was offset by a similar amount of decrease in regular tourists and business travelers, which did not give such great economic increase. Special events are now highly sought after in many countries, regions, and cities, internationally. Governments are often prepared to offer generous funding incentives to attract events and to allocate large expenditure to upgrading the facilities needed for the events (Dwyer et al, 2005). However, Carlsen and Taylor (2003) warns that the creation of major tourism and sports facilities may get little used after the event. There is a possibility for mega-events like the Olympics to be viewed as white elephants. Very large investments are required to stage mega-events such as the Olympics and World Fairs, which usually mean that the short-term returns are usually negative and the money spent in such events rarely pays off (Getz, 1997). But event tourism development that uses existing attributes often brings a range of benefits to host communities. Better infrastructure (electricity, water, and telecommunications), access, services (banks, roads, transport) and new investments, all help to strengthen community life. Perhaps the best example of a mega-sporting event being used in this way was given by Malfas et al (2004), when in the 1992 Barcelona Olympics major investments have been invested in new transport systems and to update the coastal area which now has a new marina, leisure facilities and attractive sandy beaches. Events attract more investment and visitors, and thus create new jobs and contribute to the economic growth of the city or region. Of course a mega-sporting event is likely to produce many jobs, not only those directly related to the event but also those who works in the tourism and retail industry and in the construction industry especially when the staging an event requires significant infrastructure development, such as in the case of the Olympic Games (Malfas et al, 2004) (see Appendix 1: example 6). Nevertheless it should be admitted that staging an event creates new jobs, the focus should be on the quality and duration of these workplaces: sporting events usually create service-related jobs that are often part-time, poorly paid and short-lived. Pasanen et al (2009) noticed that the staging of an event may also generate wider economic intangible benefits and costs, such as caused by the development and construction costs, additional marketing and business development, and increased property values, long-term tourism promotion, locals relocation and termination of business. Intangible assets are impossible to quantify as accurately and objectively as are the financial impacts, but they should be taken into account when evaluating the overall economic impact on the local people. But at the same time there might be some negative aspects, such as local goods can become more expensive because tourists might pay more, shops might stock products for tourists and not everyday goods needed by locals, debt risk for the city and increased taxation, prices increase that does not decline after the event ends (Fredline et al, 2003). As an example, Jones (2001) refers to the Olympic Games as a mega event in which accommodation that needs to be provied for athletes, tourists, and promoters creates a lot of pressure and problems with housing and real-estate market. An influx of tourists can also cause or exacerbate crowding, traffic congestion, and increased prices, and normal community lifestyles may be displaced or disrupted. In fact, the increased costs of dining out in Auckland in the new Viaduct Basin restaurants were one indicator of the inflationary impact of the event. Similarly, increased property rental costs in downtown Auckland, forced displacement for tenants for developments were also evident (Hall, 1992). Events impact on communities In addition to economic events consequences, events have other positive and negative effects on host communities. They can revive the cultural and social life of the local people, build community pride, provide a sense of identity, increase community participation and pride of the area or enhance the image of a destination (Pasanen et al, 2009). It has been suggested that socio-cultural impacts occur as a result of the unique interaction between tourists and a destination area with its population. Whole destination becomes visible as an event takes place, so it has real opportunity to develop socio-cultural impacts (Small et al., 2005). Host community dissatisfaction can threaten the long-term success of an event and thus the acceptance by the locals is vital for the continuity of the event (Small et al., 2005). Teo (1994) defines social and cultural impacts of event tourism as: the ways in which tourism is contributing to changes in the value systems, morals and their conduct, indiv idual behavior, family relationships, collective lifestyles, creative expressions, traditional ceremonies and community organization Fredline et al (2003) noticed that unlike economic impacts, social impacts of events can be difficult to measure objectively since many of them cannot be measured, and they often affect differently various members of the community. Despite the fact that the measure of socio-cultural impacts may cause some problems, some systems and scales have been developed to assess them (see Appendix 1: example 7). Tourism can encourage community pride as visitors choose to visit the place for a reason. Well presented towns and well-maintained facilities for visitors help them to feel welcome and can contribute to the sense of community pride (Gawler visitor Information Centre, 2005). Festivals and events provide an opportunity for community cultural development (Getz, 1997) and bring a sense of belonging and sharing to the community, excitement, spectacle and self-esteem brought about by being the focus of international attention (Fredline et al, 2003). According to Liang et al (2008) events and organizers of the festivals uses the themes of culture and history to develop and prepare annual events to attract visitors. These festivals provide opportunities for the local communities to share their culture and, in addition, they help the local community to create and develop its own identity. There was a substantial increase in the participation of the community in active sports in the next years after the Barcelona Olympic Games. There has been around 50 000 new customers in the citys sports centers following the 1992 Games, with women participating in sporting activities increase from 35% in 1989 up to 45% in 1995. In addition, in 1994, more than 300 000 people participated in sports events that become a part of the urban population on the streets of Barcelona, such as athletic competitions, popular marathon, the festival of bicycle cycling and the roller skating festival (Malfas et al, 2004). As this example shows increased participation in sports can make a significant contribution to the local resident quality of life. Shone Parry (2004) names negative impacts that include a range of anti-social behaviors, crime, congestion, crowding, prostitution, disruption of community life, community alienation and displacement. Mega sporting events draw attention of large crowds and there is a great possibility of antisocial behavior emergence, as for example In Americas Cup defense there was noticed 36% increase in arrests for anti-social behavior (Faulkner, 2003). The decision to hold an event, especially a large scale event, is essentially a political decision (Richards and Wilson, 2004). According to Barker et al (2002) events and their subsequent publicity can lead to significant status ramifications pertaining at both macro- and micro-political levels. Political aspects, however, can equally work to the detriment of tourism events. The potential for terrorist or politically motivated activity, demonstrations, and boycotts to utilize the publicity generated by international events is not uncommon. Such political agendas at major events have instigated demonstrations at the 1981 Springbok rugby tour to New Zealand and 1998 Commonwealth Games, boycotts of any number of Olympic Games, and terrorist attacks at the 1972 and 1996 Olympics (Barker et al, 2002). So there is a great risk and questioning for local people, when holding mega-events. Many environmental impacts may result as a result of hosting an event particularly as a result of major and mega events, along with traffic congestion, parking, crime and vandalism, noise and littering, crowding energy and water usage and waste (Pasanen et al 2009). The negative impact of events tourism develops when the level of visitor use is greater than the environments ability to cope with this use within the acceptable limits of change (Lorant, 2009). Uncontrolled activities pose potential threats to the natural and built locations everywhere in the world. It can create huge pressure on an area, causing effects such as land degradation (erosion), increased pollution, discharges into the soil, natural habitat loss, increased pressure on endangered species and heightened vulnerability to forest fires, etc. (Lorant, 2009). This interruption often increase pressure and it can force local populations to compete for the usage of necessary resources with tourists. Companies and different organizations should consider principles of sustainable planning and development in order to have more friedly impact on the environment. Examples of these activities could be given from Sziget Festival, when Clean Air Action Group increased of the number of mobile toilets or created automatic volume-control devices of the waste collecting system (Raj and Musgrave, 2009). Or another example would be The London 2012 Olympic Games has forming Environmental Management System (Bowdin, 2006). Hackbert (2009) noticed that over time finances generated for the community development will concentrate on projects such as redeveloping downtown, preserving and restoring historic buildings, planting trees, and installing holiday decorations. Significant improvements may dominate over short-term environmental negative impacts. Hackbert (2009) found indicators of negative effects that local community of Mdina, the walled city in the cultural center of the Maltese islands, acknowledged. Tourism accounts for 40 percent of total economy. Residents of Mdina complained of visitor invasions blocking roads, polluting streets, being noisy and dressing indecently (Hackbert, 2009). In addition, some residents voiced dissatisfaction in services like street lighting, better tourist routes, irruption of privacy, and sacrifice of tranquility for the public good without compensation from either government or tour operators (Hackbert, 2009). So, as tourist attractions begin to grow stronger ties outside the area, local resident may become annoyed and transit an economic benefits negatively. Local people therefore need to understand the importance and benefits of tourism to their region, including tourisms contribution to economic activity in the area. In combination with other negative impacts and limited community consultation, locals may become resentful and frustrated with tourism. However, locals may tolerate the negative aspects of tourism events in the knowledge of the positive benefits to the community and that their lives will soon return to normal (Barker et al, 2002). So Gawler visitor Information Centre (2005) advices that community participation in the planning and implementation of event tourism gains more positive attitude, becomes more supportive and has better chance to make more profit than a population passively reject or exceeded by tourism. As Moscardo (2007) argued that even if an event attracts substantial numbers of tourists and generates revenue but does not create community involvement, it is unlikely to have much of an effect on regional development. It means that without the local involvement the event remains disconnected to the locality. Conclusion Event tourism is often understand as increasing the economic and, therefore, the social wellbeing of communities. The importance of events as device for growth of tourism is expected to increase in the future (Pasanen et al, 2009). However, it should be remembered that mentioned growth is more than just economic development in different areas, social and cultural angels are also very important for the success of the events as well as of the destinations. According to Faulkner (2003) event planners and the tourism industry in general, therefore, take a grave risk in ignoring community impacts of an event. Hall (1991) implies that the most effective action should take the form of a consultative or community based approach to plan ­ning. For the success of any event, the host population, public administration and event organisers must work together. All these mentioned parties need to identify and predict impacts and then to manage them to achieve the best balance for everyone (Bowdin, 2006). It is not always easy and simple, but events can be more beneficial when everyone is involved. Events create some disbursement of locals life, but until everyone is informed, involved and understand the events potential, it could bring enormous possibilities, advantages and well. Events does not only attract an increasingly audience, but also shape world tourism patterns, highlighting new tourism destinations and creating lasting heritage in the host cities or countries.

Reasons to Act Morally Essay -- Ethics Morals Philosophy

Why be moral: A Purpose to Life In our culture, many people are asking the same questions. What makes me better than you? Who says I have to treat you that way? Why does America think it is better than any other country? All of these questions arise from the same question: what are morals? This questions leads to another relevant question: why be moral? What, if anything, makes man (in this paper, I will use the word man in a generic sense meaning the entire human race) a moral creature and thus makes him responsible? However, is there any way we can really know that there are certain inherent laws which govern man, and behind these laws is there a Lawgiver that holds men accountable to these laws? I believe that all these questions can be answered through careful observation and logical thinking. Let us first look at the one thing we know for sure and that is man. We can know this for sure because we are men so we would know how we act. When we associate with others, we do so with some rules of fairness in mind. We treat others in a certain way and expect them to treat us in the same way or we say it is â€Å"unfair† or â€Å"selfish.† We just expect the other person to know that such an act is wrong and that they must play by the same rules that we are. Why do we expect this though? They did not grow up the same way you did. They were not raised by the same parents or even in the same household. So why should one expect them to know the same rules of fairness that you know. If the only basis for your assumption that they should know the rules is because you think the rules are right, then you have no reason to expect them to act that way. However, the other person does indeed know these rule... ...belong to us, we might as well be able to steal because there would be no reason not to. If there was no lawgiver there would be no law, but there obviously is this governing law in men that compels them to do certain things and not do others. If there were not consequences for these actions, anything would basically be moral right. If there was not a being behind the law to enforce it, there would be absolutely no real right or wrong. Everything would be relative, but it is not. There are things that everyone agrees are absolutely good, and absolutely bad. There is no other way around it. The lawgiver has given man a purpose and a reason for life, and it is man’s moral obligation to fulfill that purpose by upholding the law given him. Works Cited / Consulted Lewis C.S. Mere Christianity. New York, New York. Macmillan Publishing Company. 1943. pp 17-39.

Judgement in “Sonny’s Blues” and “Cathredral

The short story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† written By James Baldwin is a story of two brothers who come to understand each other. The story begins and takes place in Harlem, New York City, where the narrator, whose name isn’t mentioned at all in the literature, is a teacher at a local high school, as he is on his way to work then reads on a newspaper that his younger brother, Sonny, who he hasn’t seen or spoke to in a while, has been arrested for possession and use of heroin.Throughout the story, he depicts Sonny as this troubled some young man, who never had any sense of direction towards what he wanted to do with his life or what he wanted to become. He viewed him as a product of the system, because as children growing up; Harlem, was basically a dark whole, full of malice, drugs, and corruption. After his short stint in jail, the narrator then welcomes his younger brother to stay with him and his wife for the time being. While Sonny’s stay at his older brother’s house, he then explains to him his constant struggles in life and why everything was so different for him as he was growing up.He tells him that no one ever really listened to what he wanted to pursue in life, and how he wanted to be this Jazz musician, but everyone just believed it was a phase. The narrator still didn’t really understand where Sonny was coming from. Until Sonny, one night invited him over to a local jazz bar, where everyone knows and respects him, to go watch him and his buddies play some music. It is then, as Sonny and the band is on stage, he begins to watch his younger brother struggle with the music.He watches his entire brother’s struggles come pouring out as he plays, and then he finally realizes who Sonny is and what he’s made of. In the short story, â€Å"Cathedral† written by Raymond Carver, similar to â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† the narrator of the story’s name isn’t given. The setting tak es place in Connecticut, where the death of a blind man’s wife, gets him to visit an old employee of his. The narrator who is the husband of the woman who use to work for the blind man, isn’t fond of him staying at their house.As the story moves along, the reader can see how the husband is ignorant, in the fact that he frequently keeps stating to himself how he doesn’t understand how someone can fall in love with a person who is blind, until after eating supper and his wife went off upstairs to get dressed. They both sit in the living room, and the husband invites Robert to smoke a joint. While flicking through channels, they finally leave something, they are willing to bare. It’s a show on different types of cathedrals around the world. The husband then asks Robert, if he has any idea or imagination of what an actual cathedral looks like.Robert says no, and he wants the husband to explain. The narrator has a life-changing moment, while trying to tell Rob ert what a cathedral looks like. The narrator, as he first trying to explain what the cathedral looks like, struggles for the words. However, upon Robert’s encouragement, the narrator loosens up, when the blind man asks him to go grab a piece of paper and pen so they can both draw this cathedral together. This is a close personal connection and intimate moment of communication for the narrator, and it impacts him greatly.The narrator is able to connect with Robert, and this is the moment where the narrator can put aside his insecurities and actually interact with someone else. People always have different views on different people, places or things. In my opinion I believe everyone should be open to meeting new people, giving people chances, or even be more open minded to different situations, because you can learn a lot from something or somebody else. For example the understanding of the older brother towards Sonny’s struggles in â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† an d the connection the narrator in â€Å"Cathedral† had with the blind man.

Todays And Yesterdays Laws On Drinking

Todays And Yesterdays Laws On Drinking Todays and Yesterdays Laws on Drinking By john doe English Composition I Professor Louis M. Rosenberg Massasoit Community College April 14, 2002 Laws on alcohol have come along way. Back when the legal age for drinking was eighteen, teenagers were still too irresponsible to handle this privilege. I feel the ways the laws on alcohol are now are much more appropriate for society today. Since prohibition was repealed by the twenty-first amendment in nineteen-thirty three, the drinking age laws were set by the state; and many states allowed the purchase of alcohol at eighteen years old, which I believe is too young. Other people also believed there were many reasons that this age was appropriate, due to the amount of accidents caused by this age group. Later the law was changed to a National law that you must be twenty-one years of age to purchase alcohol. After the law was changed many I would agree that it was extremely effective, the statistics showed a dramatic drop in automobile acc idents among teenage drivers.David Vitter with Laura Dean-Mooney, the National ...This lead Americans to believe it was a good law and should be kept in effect. Although this law made a large change in our society, under age drinking is still a major problem in this country and many new laws are still being made today to try and solve this dilemma of under age drinking.After Prohibition was repealed and people were given back the right to purchase alcohol, there were many debates to what age a person should be allowed to purchase or consume alcohol. During the seventies nearly all of the states lowered their legal drinking age to eighteen from where it used to be at twenty-one. One argument in an essay written by Alex Koroknay, that made a very strong point to support the...